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By manipulating pieces and fitting them together, children improve their dexterity, which prepares them to perform actions requiring more precise movements. A variety of activities help develop dexterity. Threading, drawing, cutting and manipulating various modelling clays gradually helps acquire the skills needed to master everyday gestures such as buttoning, lacing and zipping up and prepares children for writing. Preschoolers who do these types of activities will find it easier to trace letters.

Sensory, short-term, long-term: there are different types of memory, which all work together. Sensory memory very briefly retains the information gathered by the senses, just long enough to store it in short-term memory. Short-term memory then only lasts a few seconds, but it allows you to process and retain information to store it in long-term memory for days, months, or even your entire life to retain significant events, the meaning of words, manual skills, etc. If you want play and memory development in children to go hand-in-hand, remember this: observation is important for memory development. You must limit the amount of information that a child must retain at once and make connections between the game he or she is playing with you and his or her past experiences (a visit to the farm, a party, or a book, for example, exercises his or her long-term memory and can enrich the activity you are doing).

From the first babbling of a baby to the oral presentations of primary school children in front of the class, the concept of language undergoes a lot of development! From their first months, children need to communicate. To do this, they listen attentively to sounds and try to respond in their own way. Little by little, they understand that things and people are associated with sounds, and they try to reproduce them to make themselves understood. They make progress simultaneously in comprehension and expression, and they acquire vocabulary thanks to daily exchanges with their parents and educators. Children also exercise their ability to communicate and express their emotions during role-playing games and by adapting their speech to the situation they create. Spoken language can also be stimulated by all sorts of interventions: looking at books, learning nursery rhymes and songs, telling stories, discussing past events, making connections, and asking questions. Playing with words and finding rhymes and words that start with the same sound are all exercises in phonological awareness that help to perceive and identify the different components of words. Several studies prove that a child's language background impacts their success when learning to read and write.